Bankstown Hospital - Grand Rounds - Further Reading

Welcome to the Grand Rounds Further Reading List, Oncology edition, brought to you by the Clinical Library, on Level 4, next to the Auditorium.

This library guide is to help support you in your professional development. Please give us feedback so we can improve this list in the future.

Some sections are under construction and will be ready later in the year. If you are presenting at a later Grand Rounds, please contact lynne.roberts3@health.nsw.gov.au and tell us about the content of your paper so we can add appropriate resources to the list for when you present your paper.

If you have any questions, please contact the Clinical Library on 9722 8250 or email SWSLHD-BankstownLibrary@health.nsw.gov.au or visit us Monday to Fridays, 8.30am - 5.00pm.

Foerster, F., et al. (2022). "NAFLD-driven HCC: Safety and efficacy of current and emerging treatment options." Journal of Hepatology 76(2): 446-457.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0168827821020377

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               Summary In light of a global rise in obesity and type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represent an increasingly important underlying aetiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCCs arising from lipotoxicity-mediated chronic inflammation are characterised by several unique features: in contrast to virally driven HCC, up to 50% of NAFLD-HCC occurs in patients without cirrhosis and annual HCC incidence is comparatively low, complicating current surveillance strategies. On average, patients are older and are more frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage. While locoregional treatments are probably equally effective regardless of HCC aetiology, the picture is less clear for systemic therapy. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors are probably equally effective, while there have been initial signals that immune checkpoint inhibitors may be less effective in NAFLD-HCC than in viral HCC. Current international clinical practice guidelines for HCC do not consider aetiology, as there are insufficient data to draw specific conclusions or to recommend aetiology-specific modifications to the current management of patients with HCC. However, in light of the growing relevance of NAFLD-HCC, future clinical trials should assess whether HCC aetiology – and NAFLD/NASH in particular – influence the safety and efficacy of a given treatment.

Xu, M., et al. (2022). "Emerging nanobiotechnology for precise theranostics of hepatocellular carcinoma." Journal of Nanobiotechnology 20(1): 427.

https://jnanobiotechnology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12951-022-01615-2

               Primary liver cancer has become the second most fatal cancer in the world, and its five-year survival rate is only 10%. Most patients are in the middle and advanced stages at the time of diagnosis, losing the opportunity for radical treatment. Liver cancer is not sensitive to chemotherapy or radiotherapy. At present, conventional molecularly targeted drugs for liver cancer show some problems, such as short residence time, poor drug enrichment, and drug resistance. Therefore, developing new diagnosis and treatment methods to effectively improve the diagnosis, treatment, and long-term prognosis of liver cancer is urgent. As an emerging discipline, nanobiotechnology, based on safe, stable, and efficient nanomaterials, constructs highly targeted nanocarriers according to the unique characteristics of tumors and further derives a variety of efficient diagnosis and treatment methods based on this transport system, providing a new method for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer. This paper aims to summarize the latest progress in this field according to existing research and the latest clinical diagnosis and treatment guidelines in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as well as clarify the role, application limitations, and prospects of research on nanomaterials and the development and application of nanotechnology in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.

Yang, C., et al. (2023). "Evolving therapeutic landscape of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma." Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology 20(4): 203-222.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41575-022-00704-9

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               Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common solid malignancies worldwide. A large proportion of patients with HCC are diagnosed at advanced stages and are only amenable to systemic therapies. We have witnessed the evolution of systemic therapies from single-agent targeted therapy (sorafenib and lenvatinib) to the combination of a checkpoint inhibitor plus targeted therapy (atezolizumab plus bevacizumab therapy). Despite remarkable advances, only a small subset of patients can obtain durable clinical benefit, and therefore substantial therapeutic challenges remain. In the past few years, emerging systemic therapies, including new molecular-targeted monotherapies (for example, donafenib), new immuno-oncology monotherapies (for example, durvalumab) and new combination therapies (for example, durvalumab plus tremelimumab), have shown encouraging results in clinical trials. In addition, many novel therapeutic approaches with the potential to offer improved treatment effects in patients with advanced HCC, such as sequential combination targeted therapy and next-generation adoptive cell therapy, have also been proposed and developed. In this Review, we summarize the latest clinical advances in the treatment of advanced HCC and discuss future perspectives that might inform the development of more effective therapeutics for advanced HCC.

eviQ : cancer treatments online

A free resource of evidence-based, consensus driven cancer treatment protocols and information for use at the point of care. eviQ is developed for the Australian context and supports health professionals in the delivery of cancer treatments.

Cancer Drugs Interactions.

Cancer iChart - available via CIAP

Compassion Revolution 

Dive into what it means to practice love, compassion, courage and all the hard work of showing up to shape a compassion revolution across health care. 

Join the Compassion Revolution Podcast on Apple or Google Podcast, or wherever you listen to your podcasts.

The Geeky Medics

Discussions with some of the most fascinating individuals in the world of healthcare and medical education.